对于英语关系从句，已有文献普遍采用句法语义匹配分析，认为句法上有限制性-非限制性区别来与语义上的该区别相匹配；而对于汉语关系从句，很多文献采用句法语义不匹配分析，认为虽然语义上有限制性非限制性区别，句法上却没有此区别。本文提出，“NP/DP/VP省略”这种形式手段可以证明，无论是英语关系从句还是汉语关系从句，都有句法上的限制性非限制性区别来与语义上的该区别相匹配。而且本文认为，限制性非限制性句法区别存在于隐性句法而非显性句法中。

It has been widely held that in English relative clauses there is a syntactic restrictive-nonrestrictive (R-N for short) distinction to match the semantic one. However, studies in Chinese relative clauses have shown that there is only a semantic R-N distinction but no syntactic matching. This paper proposes that “NP/DP/VP-ellipsis” can be used as a formal means to attest that there is indeed a syntactic R-N distinction matching the semantic one in both English and Chinese relative clauses. The author holds that the syntactic R-N distinction exists in the covert syntax instead of the overt syntax concerned.

教育部人文社科研究青年基金项目“儿童汉语句法能力量表的研发和单纯性语言障碍（SLI）的诊断”(10YJC740118)