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外语教学与研究 2008, 40(3) 188-195 DOI:
ISSN: 0412-1961 CN: 21-1139/TG |
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| 语言学 |
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现代语篇分析的萌芽——布拉格学派语篇分析思想研究 |
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姜望琪 |
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100871 北京大学外国语学院 |
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摘要：
本文阐述布拉格学派对现代语篇研究的贡献。布拉格学派的先驱Weil提出了主位、述位概念的雏形。在此基础上,Mathesius提出了分析句子成分信息功能的实际切分法,又称"功能句子观"。Firbas则根据句子成分的交际动力定义主位、述位,强调结合上下文综合确定交际动力,而不是孤立地研究句子。在布拉格学派中语篇意识最强的是Dane,其主位推进模式已完全超出了句子的范围。据此,作者认为布拉格学派的语法理论虽名为"句子观",实际却是"语篇观",他们研究的是大于句子的语言使用单位,是不能脱离上下文的。这是他们的思想深刻影响现代语篇分析的根本原因。 |
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关键词：
布拉格学派
语篇分析
主位
功能句子观
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The beginning of modern discourse analysis: The discourse study of the Prague School |
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JIANG Wangqi
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English Dept., Peking Univ., Beijing 100871, China
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Abstract:
This paper discusses the Prague School s contributions to the modern study of discourse. Weil, the predecessor of Prague School linguistics, proposed the notions later known as theme and rheme. Mathesius on the basis of the former developed his theory of actual sentence partition, or functional sentence perspective, for the analysis of the information-bearing structures. In order to solve the problems in the definition of theme and rheme, Firbas advanced his theory of communicative dynamism, suggesting that theme and rheme may be defined on the basis of the communicative dynamism carried by a communicative unit. He attached great importance to the study of context, arguing that one should not just consider the sentence in isolation, or the form, or word order. Daneš explicitly discourse-oriented, his models of thematic progression clearly go beyond the scope of sentence. Therefore the author contends though the syntactic theory of Prague School has“sentence”in its name, it actually takes a “discourse” perspective. The linguistic unit they studied is larger than the sentence, and they studied it in connection with the context. This is the ultimate reason why their ideas have profound influence on discourse analysis now. |
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收稿日期 1900-01-01 修回日期 1900-01-01 网络版发布日期 |
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